•Envelope
 of red giant very loosely held
 –Star
 is so big, gravity very weak at the surface
 •Degenerate
 core makes nuclear “thermostat” sluggish
 –Core
 doesn’t quickly expand and cool when fusion is to fast
 –Energy
 can be generated in “thermal pulses”
 •Low
 temperature opaque envelope can also “oscillate”
 –Energy
 is transmitted in “pulses” as envelope expands and contracts
 –Main
 cause of “Variable Stars”
  
 
 
 
 
 •Some Red Giants
 have very strong stellar winds
  ejecting envelopes,
 forming “Planetary Nebulae”
 •PN called this because some looked like planets in poor telescopes
 •PN don’t have anything to do with formation of
 planets