Nicolaus Copernicus 1473 - 1543 Heliocentric
model
Explanation of retrograde
motion
Tycho Brahe 1546 - 1601 Observations of changes in sky
Accurate planet positions
Johannes Kepler 1571 1630 Mathematical
description of
planetary orbits
Galileo Galilei 1564 1642 Observations
using telescope
supporting Copernican model
Isaac Newton
1642 1727 Physics to
explain Keplers orbits