•Look
 “into the past” to see if expansion rate was faster in early history.
 •
 •To “look into the
 past”  look very far
 away:
 –Find “Ho” for
 very distant objects, compare that to “Ho” for closer objects
 –
 •Remember – we found Ho by plotting velocity (vr) vs. distance
 –We found velocity vr from the red shift (z)
 –We found distance by measuring apparent
 magnitude (mv)
  of known
 brightness objects
 –
 –We can test for changing Ho by measuring mv vs. z 
 •
 •