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Original “clumpiness” is a “blown up” version of
the small fluctuations in
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density present early in the big bang and seen in
the background radiation.
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We can compare the structure implied to that
expected from the “Grand
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Unification Theories”
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Rate at which clumpiness grows depends on density of universe
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Amount of clumpiness seems consistent with “flat universe”
density
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That means you need dark matter to make clumpiness grow fast
enough
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