Notes
Slide Show
Outline
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Astro 1050     Fri. Sep. 12, 2003

  • Cycles of the Sky
    • Review Seasons/Demo
    • Planets in the Sky
    • The Moon: phases and eclipses



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How the Sun’s location affects the seasons:
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Why are the planets found near the ecliptic?
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Superior vs. Inferior Planets
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Inferior Planets
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Effect of Elliptical Orbit on Climate
  • Seasons almost entirely due to TILT of Earth
    • Seasons opposite (not the same) in N & S Hemispheres
  • Earth’s orbit slightly elliptical
    • Slightly closer to the sun in N. Hemisphere Winter
      • But this changes as tilt precesses in 26,000 yr cycle
    • Expect N. Hemisphere winter to be slightly milder
      • Positions of continents and oceans actually more important
      • Effect is important for Mars -- more elliptical orbit
  • Cyclic variations in climate as tilt precesses (and tilt and ellipticity also gets slightly larger and smaller
  • VERY IMPORTANT TOPIC (Re: Global Warming)
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Phases of the Moon and its orbit around the Earth (1).
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Phases of the Moon and its orbit around the Earth (2).
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Lunar/Solar Tides (exaggerated!)
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More on tides
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Shadows and Eclipses
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Types of eclipses
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Solar eclipses
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Eclipse Facts
  • Longest possible total eclipse is only 7.5 minutes.  Average is only 2-3 minutes.
  • Shadow sweeps across Earth @ 1000 mph!
    • (Compare with scene in The Mummy Returns!)
  • Birds will go to roost in a total eclipse.  The temperature noticeably drops.
  • Totally predictable (even in ancient times, e.g., the Saros Cycle, eclipse pattern repeats every 6585.3 days or 18 years, 11 1/3 days).


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Eclipses and Nodes
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Variations in Solar Eclipses
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Angular sizes
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The Angular Size of the Moon
  • How big is the moon?  Have you ever seen the moon near the horizon?  Has it looked huge, much larger than when it is high in the sky?


  • Last full moon was Wed. night, Sep. 10.  Next one is Oct. 10.
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For Monday: