The Hubble Law using galaxies with visible Cepheid variables.
Hubble Law Example
vr = H0 d
with H0=0.5 (mile/hr)/mile
Hubble Law Example using relative vr and relative d
The Hubble Law using
secondary distance indicators
Ho = 72 ±8
km/s/Mpc
Interacting Galaxies: The Antennae
Interacting Galaxies: Cartwheel
Simulation of the Cartwheel Encounter
Evidence for “Hierarchical” Galaxy Formation from the Hubble Deep Field